Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Refuting Matthew Paulson on Isaiah 1:18


Commenting on the absence of Isaiah chapter 1 in the Book of Mormon, one anti-Mormon author wrote:

The first chapter of Isaiah contains a famous verse, “Come let us reason together…though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be made white as wool; though they be as red as crimson, they shall be as wool” (Isaiah 1:18). Could it be that the Book of Mormon author questioned the authenticity of this famous verse? In a computer search, I could not find this important verse quoted by any Mormon leaders until 1880! Apparently, this verse was far from the minds of the early Mormon leaders. (Matthew A. Paulson, Breaking the Mormon Code: A Critique of Mormon Scholarship Regarding Classic Christian Theology and the Book of Mormon [Livermore, Calif.: WingSpan Press, 2006, 2009], 266)

Firstly, it is almost universally accepted, even by conservative scholars, that chapter 1 of the book of Isaiah was added to the book, during or after the exile. Therefore, it is not problematic that it is not quoted in the Book of Mormon (in fact, it is a strike in favour of its verisimilitude!). As one commentary that Paulson elsewhere referenced in his book noted:

It was prefixed, not by Isaiah, but by a post-exilic editor. Isaiah, in accordance with the prominence given by him to Jerusalem throughout his prophecies (1:21ff; 3:16ff. (4:3ff.) 10:32ff; 22:1ff; 28:17ff; 29:1ff; 30:19ff.), speaks of Jerusalem and Judah (3:1, 8; 5:3; 22:21: occasionally elsewhere, 2 K 24:20; Ezr 2:1); in the title, as in 2:1 and, e.g., 2 K 18:22; 2 Ch 34:3, 8, the order is Judah and Jerusalem. A contemporary Jew would have had no occasion to add to the list of kings the explanatory clause kings of Judah (cp. Jer 1:2f.; Mic 1:1); an editor looking back on the monarchy as a vanished institution might well do so. It is doubtful, too, whether Isaiah would have applied the term vision to his collected prophecies (see below). The period of Isaiah’s prophetic activity may be correctly described, though this is not certain (cp. 6:1 n.), as beginning in the reign of Uzziah: and the title is certainly correct in extending the period into the reign of Hezekiah (cp. chs. 36–39): but Judah and Jerusalem is an inadequate description of the scope of Isaiah’s teaching, still more of chs. 1–39; chs. 13–23 contain a series of oracles directed against foreign nations; and even within chs. 1–12 at least one prophecy (9:7–10:4) is primarily concerned with Ephraim. (George Buchanan Gray, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Book of Isaiah, I-XXXIX [International Critical Commentary; New York: C. Scribner's Sons, 1912], 1)

Secondly, Paulson is guilty of lazy “research,” for had he bothered to read Doctrine and Covenants, he would see similar verbiage therein. Note D&C 71, a revelation dated December 1831, instructing Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon, to interact with, and refute, critics in public and private settings:

Wherefore, confound your enemies; call upon them to meet you, both in public and in private; and inasmuch as ye are faithful their shame shall be made manifest. Wherefore, let them bring forth their strong reasons against the Lord. Verily, thus saith the Lord unto you—there is no weapon that is formed against you shall prosper. (D&C 71:7-9)

Thirdly, for other pre-1880 quotations of Isa 1:18, note the following:

Heber C. Kimball (September 11, 1859)

Now, God says, in another part of his word, that he will reason with us. But how will he do this, unless we are submissive like clay in the hands of the potter? He says he will do it before the world, the philosophers, the kings, and the nobles. He says he will do it before all these, if we will be subject to him. We have all been to see a theatrical performance; but you don't see it, except you look. Well, a prompter is there; for sometimes the performers forget their pieces: then the prompter is ready to help them out, as he stands behind the veil. Just so it is with angels. They are not in sight; we do not see them; but in the very hour that we need them they are here as the ministers of the covenant to inspire and guide us aright. I know this, gentlemen, just as well as I know that I am here today: I know it by the senses that God has given me. (JOD 7:167)

George Q. Cannon (April 6, 1879)

I know I am touching now upon what many people consider a tender spot. Say they, “The decision of the Supreme Court has arranged all this.” Yes, but it will not stay arranged. Let me tell you, that wrong may prevail and right may apparently be crushed; but right must at last prevail and claim its own in spite of laws, of decisions, of mandates, and everything that man can utter. I am talking now not respecting law; I am not talking respecting tradition; I am not talking about “Mormon” plural marriage or patriarchal marriage; I am talking about men and women, brethren and sisters as such. Come let us reason together; let us talk together, not as religionists, not as “Mormons,” not as monogamists, not as polygamists, not as citizens of Christendom, but as men and women, the children of God, as brethren and sisters of the one family. Let us talk together face to face, in plainness, in simplicity, without allowing tradition to have weight with us, to blind our understandings. It is in this spirit that I wish to talk upon this subject. (JOD 20:199)

Again, this is only representative of the shoddy “scholarship” one finds in Paulson’s book. For more, see: