Abbreviations:
OTGP = Old Testament Greek Pseudepigrapha with Morphology
(Lexham Press, 2008)
OPE = The Pseudepigrapha (English), translated by
Craig E. Evans (2008)
OTP = E.P. Sanders, "Testament of Abraham (First to
Second Century A.D.): A New Translation and Introduction," in James H.
Charlesworth, ed., The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, 2 vols. (New Haven: Yale
University Press, 1983), 1:869-902
Testament of
Abraham (Recension A) 11:8-12
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OTGP |
OPE |
OTP |
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8 ἠρώτησεν
δὲ ὁ Ἁβραὰμ τὸν ἀρχιστράτηγον· Κύριέ μου ἀρχιστράτηγε, τίς ἐστιν οὗτος ὁ ἀνὴρ
ὁ πανθαύμαστος, ὁ ἐν τοιαύτῃ δόξῃ κοσμούμενος, καὶ ποτὲ μὲν κλαίει καὶ ὀδύρεται,
ποτὲ δὲ χαίρεται καὶ ἀγάλλεται; |
8 And
Abraham asked the chief-captain: "My lord chief-captain, who is this
most marvelous man, adorned with such glory, and sometimes he weeps and
laments, and sometimes he rejoices and exults?" |
8 Then Abraham asked the
Commander-in-chief, “My lord Commander-in-chief, who is this most wondrous
man, who is adorned in such glory, and sometimes he cries and wails while
other times he rejoices and exults?” |
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9 εἶπεν
δὲ ὁ ἀσώματος· Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ πρωτόπλαστος Ἀδὰμ, ὁ ἐν τοιαύτῃ δόξῃ, καὶ βλέπει
τὸν κόσμον, καθότι πάντες ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἐγένοντο· |
9 The
bodiless one said: "This is the first-created Adam who is in such glory,
and he looks upon the world because all are born from him. |
9 The incorporeal one said, “This is
the first-formed Adam who is in such glory, and he looks at the world, since
everyone has come from him. |
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10 καὶ
ὅτε ἴδῃ ψυχὰς πολλὰς εἰσερχομένας διὰ τῆς στενῆς πύλης, τότε ἀνίσταται καὶ
κάθηται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ χαίρων καὶ ἀγαλλόμενος ἐν εὐφροσύνῃ, ὅτι αὕτη ἡ
πύλη ἡ στενὴ τῶν δικαίων ἐστὶ<ν>, ἡ ἀπάγουσα εἰς τὴν ζωὴν, καὶ οἱ εἰσερχόμενοι
διʼ αὐτῆς εἰς τὸν παράδεισον ἔρχονται· καὶ διὰ τοῦτο χαίρει ὁ πρωτόπλαστος Ἀδάμ,
διότι θεωρεῖ τὰς ψυχὰς σωζομένας· |
10
"And when he sees many souls going through the narrow gate, then he
arises and sits upon his throne rejoicing and exulting in joy, because this
narrow gate is that of the just, that leads to life, and they that enter
through it go into Paradise. For this, then, the first-created Adam rejoices,
because he sees the souls being saved. |
10 And when he sees many souls entering
through the strait gate, then he arises and sits on his throne rejoicing and
exulting cheerfully, because this strait gate is (the gate) of the righteous,
which leads to life, and those who enter through it come into Paradise. And
on account of this the first-formed Adam rejoices, since he sees the souls
being saved. |
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11 καὶ
ὅταν ἴδῃ ψυχὰς πολλὰς εἰσερχομένας διὰ τῆς πλατείας πύλης, τότε ἀνασπᾷ τὰς
τρίχας τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτοῦ καὶ ῥίπτει ἑαυτὸν χαμαὶ κλαίων καὶ ὀδυρόμενος πικρῶς·
διότι ἡ πύλη ἡ πλατεῖα τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν ἐστίν, ἡ ἀπάγουσα εἰς τὴν ἀπώλειαν καὶ εἰς
τὴν κόλασιν τὴν αἰώνιον· καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ὁ πρωτόπλαστος Ἀδὰμ ἀπὸ τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ
πίπτει κλαίων καὶ ὀδυρόμενος ἐπὶ τῇ ἀπωλείᾳ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν, διότι πολλοί εἰσιν
οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι, ὀλίγοι δὲ οἱ σωζόμενοι· |
11
"But when he sees many souls entering through the broad gate, then he
pulls out the hairs of his head, and casts himself on the ground weeping and
lamenting bitterly, for the broad gate is that of sinners, which leads to
destruction and eternal punishment. And for this the first-formed Adam falls
from his throne weeping and lamenting for the destruction of sinners, for
they are many that are lost, and they are few that are saved, |
11 And when he sees many souls entering
through the broad gate, then he pulls the hair of his head and casts himself
on the ground crying and wailing bitterly; for the broad gate is (the gate)
of the sinners, which leads to destruction and to eternal punishment. And on
account of this the first-formed Adam falls from his throne, crying and
wailing over the destruction of the sinners; for many are the ones who are
destroyed, while few are the ones who are saved. |
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12 εἰς γὰρ τὰς ἑπτὰ χιλιάδας μόλις εὑρίσκεται μία
ψυχὴ σωζομένη δικαία καὶ ἀμόλυντος. |
12
"for in seven thousand there is scarcely found one soul saved, being
righteous and undefiled." |
12 For among seven thousand there is
scarcely to be found one saved soul, righteous and undefiled.” |
Testament of
Abraham (Recension A) 12:4-5, 11
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OTGP |
OPE |
OTP |
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4 καὶ ἐν
μέσῳ τῶν δύο πυλῶν ἵστατο θρόνος φοβερὸς ἐν εἴδει κρυστάλλου φοβεροῦ ἐξαστράπτων
ὡς πῦρ. |
4 and
between the two gates stood a throne terrible of aspect, of terrible crystal,
gleaming as fire, |
4 And
between the two gates there stood a terrifying throne with the appearance of
terrifying crystal, flashing like fire. |
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5 καὶ ἐπʼ
αὐτῷ ἐκάθητο ἀνὴρ θαυμαστὸς ἡλιόρατος ὅμοιος υἱῷ θεοῦ. |
5 and
upon it sat a wondrous man bright as the sun, like to the Son of God. |
5 And
upon it sat a wondrous man, bright as the sun, like unto a son of God |
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11 καὶ
ὁ μὲν ἀνὴρ ὁ θαυμάσιος ὁ καθήμενος ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου, αὐτὸς ἔκρινεν καὶ ἀπεφῄνατο
τὰς ψυχάς· |
11 The
wondrous man who sat upon the throne himself judged and sentenced the souls, |
11 And
the wondrous man who sat on the throne was the one who judged and sentenced
the souls. |
Testament of
Abraham (Recension A) 13:1-3
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OTGP |
OPE |
OTP |
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1 καὶ
εἶπεν Ἁβραάμ· Κύριέ μου ἀρχιστράτηγε, τίς ἐστιν οὗτος ὁ κριτὴς ὁ
πανθαύμαστος; καὶ τίνες οἱ ἄγγελοι οἱ ἀπογραφόμενοι; καὶ τίς ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ ἡλιόμορφος
ὁ τὸν ζυγὸν κατέχων; καὶ τίς ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ πύρινος ὁ τὸ πῦρ κατέχων; |
1 And
Abraham said: "My lord chief-captain, who is this most wondrous judge,
and who are the angels that write down, and who is the angel like the sun,
holding the balance; and who is the fiery angel holding the fire?" |
1 And
Abraham said, “My lord Commander-in-chief, who is this all-wondrous judge?
And who are the angels who are recording? And who is the sunlike angel who
holds the balance? And who is the fiery angel who holds the fire?” |
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2 εἶπεν
δὲ ὁ ἀρχιστράτηγος· Θεωρεῖς, πανόσιε Ἁβραὰμ, τὸν ἄνδρα τὸν φοβερὸν τὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ
θρόνου καθήμενον; οὗτός ἐστιν υἱὸς Ἀδὰμ τοῦ πρωτοπλάστου, ὁ ἐπιλεγόμενος Ἄβελ,
ὃν ἀπέκτεινε Κάϊν ὁ πονηρός· |
2 The
chief-captain said: "Do you see, most holy Abraham, the terrible man
sitting upon the throne? This is the son of the first created Adam, who is
called Abel, whom the wicked Cain killed, |
2 The
Commander-in-chief said, “Do you see, all-pious Abraham, the frightful man
who is seated on the throne? This is the son of Adam, the first-formed, who
is called Abel, whom Cain the wicked killed. |
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3 καὶ
κάθηται ὧδε κρῖναι πᾶσαν τὴν κτίσιν καὶ ἐλέγχων δικαίους καὶ ἁμαρτωλούς·
διότι εἶπεν ὁ θεός· Ἐγὼ οὐ κρίνω ἡμᾶς, ἀλλὰ πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ἐξ ἀνθρώπου
κριθήσεται· |
3 "and
he sits thus to judge all creation, and examines righteous men and sinners.
For God has said: 'I will not judge you, but every man born of man will be
judged.' |
3 And
he sits here to judge the entire creation, examining both righteous and
sinners. For God said, ‘I do not judge you, but every man is judged by man.’ |