Thursday, April 18, 2024

Bede the Venerable (d. 735) on the "Body of Moses" in Jude 9

In his commentary on Jude 9, Bede seems to be open to the belief that “the body of Moses” is not about the singular person of Moses, but a corporate entity (i.e., the children of Israel):

 

9 When Michael the archangel quarreled with the devil and contended over the body of Moses, he did not dare to bring a judgment of blasphemy but said, ‘May God order you.’ It is not entirely obvious from what scriptures Jude took this witness. But nonetheless we should know that we find something like it in the prophet Zechariah. For indeed he says that, The Lord showed me Jesus the priest standing before the angel of the Lord, and satan was standing at his right hand, that he might oppose him. And the Lord said to satan, ‘May the Lord rebuke you, satan, and may the Lord who chose Jerusalem rebuke you.’ But in this place it is very easily understood that Jesus the priest desired that the people of Israel be freed from the captivity of Babylon and return to their fatherland, but satan resisted him, unwilling for the people of God to be freed, but instead sold to the enemy, and these gentiles, and therefore the angel who was the peoples’ helper, rebuked him and removed him from doing further injury to the same people, But we remain uncertain when Michael had a struggle with the devil over the body of Moses. But nevertheless there is no lack of those who say that the same people of God have been called the body of Moses from the fact that Moses himself was part of that people, and therefore that Jude was properly able to say that what he had read had been done to the people had been done to the body of Moses. But wherever and whenever this contention of the angel with the devil occurred, we must carefully consider that if Michael the archangel was unwilling to bring a charge of blasphemy against the devil who opposed him, but restrained him with a mild word, how much more ought all blasphemy be avoided by human beings, and especially lest they offend by a careless word the majesty of the Creator. (Saint Bede the Venerable, The Commentary on the Seven Catholic Epistles of Bede the Venerable [trans. David Hurst; vol. No. 82; Cistercian Studies Series 82; Kalamazoo, Mich.: Cistercian Publications, 1985], 244–245)