Tuesday, August 26, 2025

Note on 2 Samuel 21:8

  

The name Michael must be a mistake for Merah, for it was Merab who married Adriel (v. 8; 1 Samuel 18:19). If it is indeed Michal, David’s wife and Saul’s daughter, who is meant, this is a very bitter ending to their relationship as man and wife. (D. Kelly Ogden and Andrew C. Skinner, The Old Testament Verse By Verse, 2 vols. [Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2013], 2:456)

 

 

2 Samuel 21:8

מִיכַ֣ל

 

The king took the two sons of Rizpah daughter of Aiah, whom she bore to Saul, Armoni and Mephibosheth; and the five sons of Merab daughter of Saul, whom she bore to Adriel son of Barzillai the Meholathite;

 

The Syr., Tg., two Hebrew manuscripts, and several LXX manuscripts have “Merab” instead of “Michal” (cf. 1 Sam 18:19). (Rick Brennan and Israel Loken, The Lexham Textual Notes on the Bible [Lexham Bible Reference Series; Bellingham, Wash.: Lexham Press, 2014], Logos Bible Software edition)

 

 

8 a mlt Mss מפיבשת || b 2 Mss מ(י)רב cf 𝔊Mss, 𝔖 ndb, 𝔗 mjrb drbjʾt mjkl ex 1 S 18,19 || c pc Mss cit לעזר׳ cf 𝔊Mss𝔖. (Gérard E. Weil, K. Elliger, and W. Rudolph, Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, 5. Aufl., rev. [Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1997], 546.

 

 

Merob MT has mykl, “Michal,” but we know that Michal was childless (6:23) and that Adri(el) was Merob’s husband (1 Sam 18:19). LXXL (merob) and MTMSS, therefore, are correct in reading mrb, “Merob” (cf. LXXM, Syr., Targ.). LXXB agrees with MT, but the fact that it renders mykl as michal instead of the usual LXX melchol (3:13, etc.) shows that it is recensional and suggests (pace Barthélemy 1980:18–19) that merob was in fact the OG rendering. Thus merob cannot have been derived from 1 Sam 18:19, which was lacking in OG (cf. I Samuel, pp. 299–309). For the pronunciation of the name, see I Samuel, the Textual Note at 14:49. A defense of MT’s reading (“Michal”) may be found in Glück 1965. For the rabbinical explanations of the contradiction in MT between 6:23 and 21:8, see Sanhedrin 21a. (P. Kyle McCarter Jr., II Samuel : A New Translation with Introduction, Notes, and Commentary [AYB 9; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008], 439)