Tuesday, August 12, 2025

Robert F. Smith on the Etymology of Shagreel (Abraham 1:9)

  

SHAGREEL – Idolatrous “god of…the Sun” (BofAbr 1:9). Very likely hypothetical Hebrew שערי-אל* *šaˁarey-ʼel “Gates-of-El” = Babylonian Bab-ili “Gate of God” as the name for Babylon (cf. Ps 118:20 haššaˁar laYHWH “gate of the LORD”; cf. Job 38:17, Isa 38:10, Pss 9:13, 100:4, 107:18, 118:19, Prov 14:19, Jer 7:2, Odes of Sol 22:12, Wisdom of Sol 16:13; Matt 16:18; 2 Ne 4:32 gates of Hell/ Death/ Hades/ Še’ol); KJV Shaarayim “Two-gates” (1 Sam 17:52) ; Moabite šˁryh = šaˁrê-ha “Her gates” (Mesha Stele 2); Egyptian syllabic ša-ˁa-ra “gate,” as in Papyrus Amherst 4,3. Virtually identical to Hebrew šaˁar haššāmāyîm “Gate of Heaven” (Gen 28:17 ǁ bêt-ʼĕlōhîm ”House of God, Temple”), which explains the meaning of the Hebrew place-name Bēt-ʼĒl “House-of-God; Temple” (Gen 12:8, 13:3-4, 28:10-18) = LXX Greek Oikus Theou; Josephus Theia Hestia “God’s Hearth-Stone” = modern Beitin = Egyptian BЗty-Зr(З) “Bethel.” The guttural -ġ- of SHAGREEL is reflected by earlier Ugaritic tǵr, and confirmed in Arabic tuǵra); grn threshing-floor, and bt house. Cf. the typical Egyptian temple as the doors of heaven, guarded by the twin-Rwty-lions (the sun rising at the horizon).


The form which Shagreel takes is familiar from other names in the Bible: The hybrid Egyptian-Hebrew name, Asareel “Osiris is god” (1 Chron 4:16), and Abdiel, Abdeel “Servant of God” (1 Chron 5:15, Jer 36:26), etc. (source)