Wednesday, March 4, 2026

Jewish Eschatology Acknowledging Changes Due to the Free-Will Actions of People

  

 

24:22: If those days were not shortened.

 

A: Jewish eschatology also knows of a shortening of the last period of tribulation.

 

Midrash Song of Songs 2:7 (99A): R. Yose b. Hanina (ca. 270) said, “Two adjurations are here (namely in Song 2:7 and 3:5): one to the Israelites and one to the nations of the world. He adjured the Israelites not to rebel against the yoke of the kingdoms of the world, and he adjured the kingdoms of the world not to make the yoke heavy on Israel; for if they made the yoke heavy on Israel, they would cause the coming of the end (of the messianic קֵץ, see § Matt 24:6 C) before its time.”—A parallel passage with variations is found in b. Ketub. 111A. ‖ Babylonian Talmud Baba Meṣiʿa 85B: Elijah (the prophet) used to show up in Rabbi’s academy. One day—it was the day of the new moon—he was late and did not come. Rabbi said to him, “What caused the lord’s delay?” He answered, “I set Abraham upright and washed his hands and after he prayed, put him back down again; similarly with Isaac and similarly with Jacob.” He should have set them up at the same time! One thinks that they would be so mighty in their praying that they would usher in the Messiah before his time.

 

B: ἐκολοβώθησαν, perhaps = קִצֵּר, Aramaic קַצַּר.

 

Leviticus Rabbah 21 (120C): Because the high priests (of the Second Temple) sold their office for money, their years (of office) were shortened מתקצרות (hence the large number of high priests during the existence of the Second Temple). ‖ Psalm 89:46: “You shortened הקצרת the days of his youth.” Targum קַצַּרְתָּא. ‖ Targum Yerušalmi I Genesis 28:10: “For Jacob the time of day was shortened אתקצרו, in that the sun went down before its time.” (Hermann L. Strack and Paul Billerbeck, A Commentary on the New Testament from the Talmud and Midrash, ed. Jacob N. Cerone, 4 vols. [trans. Andrew Bowden and Joseph Longarino; Bellingham, Wash.: Lexham Press, 2022], 1:1094-95)