About a year ago, I wrote up a series on the meaning of λογιζομαι and its usages in Greek texts contemporary with the NewTestament, showing that the common Reformed Protestant understanding of this verb to be fatally flawed. The same, of course, applies to its Hebrew equivalent חשׁב. The following are the entries from HALOT and BDB on this verb in Hebrew:
Hebrew-Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament
3295 חשׁב
חשׁב: MHb. Ph.; BArm. Nab. Palm. )DISO 97( JArm. CPArm. Syr. Mnd. )MdD 154a(; Arb. Eth. Tigr. Wb. 73a hÌas(a)ba, to think, reckon, Eg. hÌsÃb to reckon; orig. meaning to weave (Goldmann ABR 1:135ff; Driver WdO 2:255ff).
qal: pf. חָשַׁב, חָשַׁבְתָּה, חָשָֽׁבוּ, חֲשָׁבָהּ, חֲשַׁבְנֻהוּ, impf. יַחְשֹׁב, יַחֲשָׁב־, יַחְשְׁבוּ/שֹֽׁבוּ, יַחְשֹׁבוּן, וַיַּחְשְׁבֶהָ, יַחְשְׁבֵנִי, תַּחְשְׁבֻנִי 3. fem. pl. )BL 337m(, inf. ) לַחְשֹׁבBL 348h(, pt. חֹ(וֹ)שֵׁב:
—1. to weave )ï חֹשֵׁב(;
—2. to respect, hold in high regard Is 1317 338 533 Mal 316;
—3. to take somebody to be something, assume: a( with acc. and לְ Gn 3815 1S 113 Jb 1324 1915 3310 352 4119.24 )one takes, alt. (יֵחָשֵׁב; b( with two acc. Is 534, cj. Ps 119119 )rd. חָשַׁבְתָּ, alt. pi.(; c( with acc. and כְּ to regard as Jb 1911;
—4. to impute, reckon to: aעָוֹן לְ ( ח׳ as guilt )vRad TLZ 1951:129ff( 2S 1920 Ps 322, Ezr 913 var. )ï חשׂך 3(; bלְטוֹבָה ( ח׳ for good Gn 5020b, צְדָקָה as righteousness 156 )Heidland Anrechnung(;
—5. to plan a( with עַל against Gn 5020a 2S 1413 Jr 482 Mi 23 Nah 111; b(with לְ for Ps 418; cאִישׁ ( רָעַת ח׳ misfortune of somebody Zech 710 817 Ps 354, רָעוֹת Ps 1403; dמַחֲשָׁבוֹת ( 2S 1414 )rd. (חֹשֵׁב Jr 1119 1818 2911 4920 5045 Zech 817 Da 1125, מַחֲשָׁבָה עַל Jr 1811 4930 Est 83 925, רָעָה מַחֲשֶׁבֶת Ezk 3810; eאָוֶן ( ח׳ Ezk 112 Mi 21 Ps 365, 1QIsa 326 Sept. Len. Tg. יַחֲשֹׁב) :: MT (יַעֲשֶׂה; הַוּוֹת Ps 524, מְְזִמּוֹת 102 2112 דִּבְרֵי מִרְמוֹת 3520, תַַּהְפֻּכוֹת Pr 1630;
—6( with לְ with inf. to intend, to have in mind 1S 1825 Jr 188 2327 263 363 Ps 1405 Jb 626 Lam 28 Est 924 Neh 62.6; abs. Is 107;
—7. to devise, invent כְּלֵי שִׁיר Am 65 )ï כְּלִי(, מַחֲשָׁבוֹת artistic designs Ex 314 3532 2C 213; חִשְּׁבֹנוֹת מַחֲשֶׁבֶת חוֹשֵׁב elaborately devised machines 2C 2615;
—Ps 4018 rd. ) חוּשָׁה־לִּי706(. †
nif: pf. נֶחְשַׁב, נֶחְשַׁבְתִּי, נֶחְשְׁבוּ/שָֽׁבוּ, impf. יֵחָשֵׁב, pt. נֶחְשָׁב:
—1. to be reckoned, be worth 1K 1021 2C 920, with לְ as Jos 133 Is 2917 3215 Lam 42, with עַל to Lv 2531 2S 42, with עִם among Ps 885; with אֶת־ to be accounted for with 2K 227; with לוֹ is credited to him Lv 718 )|| רָצָה nif.( 174 Ps 10631 )with לְ as(;
—2. to be regarded as, count Dt 211.20 Pr 1728 Neh 1313, with לְ with, for Gn 3115 Is 4017 Pr 2714, with בְּ for Is 222, with כְּ as Nu 1827.30 Is 528 2916 4015 Hos 812 Ps 4423 Jb 183 4121. †
pi: pf. חִשַּׁב, חִשַּׁבְתִּי, impf. יְחַשֵּׁב, וַאֲחַשְּׁבָה; וַתְּחַשְּׁבֵהוּ, pt. מְחַשֵּׁב:
—1. to compute Lv 2527.50 2718.23; with אֶת־ to settle accounts with 2K 1216; with לְ to take into account for Lv 2552;
—2. to think of Ps 776 11959, abs. 7316; (God) pays attention to 1443;
—3. to plan, devise Pr 169, רָע with אֶל Hos 715, with תְּהַפֻּכוֹת Pr 1630, with לְ with inf. 248; עַל מַחֲשָׁבוֹת against Da 1124 Nah 19 )cj. (תְּשַׁבְּחוּן;
—4. with inf. nif. to be about to Jon 14 )ï בקּשׁ 5c; Tg. בעה, ï Da 213(. †
hitp: impf. יִתְחַשָּֽׁב: to reckon oneself among with בְּ Nu 239 )passive 1 QS iii:1, 4(. †
Der. חֹשֵׁב, I חֶשְׁבּוֹן, *חִשָּׁבוֹן, מַחֲשָׁבָה; n.m. חֲשֻׁבָה, חַשּׁוּב, חֲשַׁבְיָה(וּ) and חֲשַׁבְנְיָה; n.loc. II חֶשְׁבּוֹן )?(.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
3535 ] חָשַׁב3536) [Hebrew) (page 362) (Strong 2803(
† חָשַׁב vb. think, account )NH id.; Aram. חֲשַׁב, hÍšab; Ar. hÍasaba; Eth. hÍasab: id.; Ph. n. חשב mng. dub. v. CIS:i. 86(—Qal Pf. ח׳ Is 33:8 + 9 t.; חָשַׁבְתָּה 2 S 14:13 etc.; Impf. יַחְשֹׁב Is 10:7 + 4 t.; יַחֲשָׁב־ 2 S 19:20, Psalm 40:18; sf. יַחְשְׁבֵנִי Jb 19:11, 33:10; pl. יַחְשְׁבוּ Psalm 41:8, Dn 11:25; יַחְשֹׁ֑בוּ Is 13:17 ; יַחֲשֹׁבוּן Psalm 35:20; נַחְשְׁבָה Je 18:18, etc. + 9 t. Impf.; Inf. cstr. לַחְשֹׁב Ex 31:4 + 3 t.; Pt. חשֵׁב Ex 26:1 + 15 t., חוֹשֵׁב 2 Ch 26:15; חשְׁבִים Ne 6:2 + 3 t., חשְׁבֵי Mi 2:1 + 3 t.;—I. of man: 1. think, account לבבו לא כן יחשׁב Is 10:7 not so thinketh his mind; חשׁבי שׁמוֹ Mal 3:16 those thinking of his name; sq. 2 acc. חשׁבנהו נגוע Is 53:4 we thought him stricken; elsewhere c. acc. + לְ Gn 38:15 (J), 1 S 1:13, Jb 19:15, 35:2, 41:24; so, fig., of crocodile Jb 41:19 he reckoneth iron as straw. 2. devise, plan, mean, c. acc. מַחֲשֶׁבֶת רָעָה Ez 38:10, רעה Psalm 35:4, 140:3, Zc 7:10, 8:17, תַּהְפֻּכ֑וֹת Pr 16:30, מְזִמּוֹת Psalm 10:2, 21:12, דִּבְרֵי מִרְמוֹת Psalm 35:20, אָוֶן Mi 2:1, Ez 11:2, Psalm 36:5, הַוּוֹת Psalm 52:4; ח׳ רע(ה) על devise evil against Gn 50:20 )E(, Je 48:2, Na 1:11, ח׳ רעה לְ Psalm 41:8, ח׳ מַחֲשֶׁבֶת על Je 11:19, 18:18, 49:30, Dn 11:25, Est 8:3, 9:25, ח׳ כזאת על 2 S 14:13; c. inf. 1 S 18:25, Je 18:8, 23:27, Jb 6:26, Ne 6:2, 6:6, Est 9:24, Psalm 140:5; c. לבלתי + Impf. 2 S 14:14 )where, however, Ew rds. חוֹבֵ for וחשׁב cf. We Dr; in this case לבלתי carries on (לאֹ יִשָּׂא. 3. charge, impute ח׳ עון ל׳, 2 S 19:20 impute iniquity to. 4. esteem, value, regard, silver Is 13:17, a man Is 33:8, the servant of י׳ Is 53:3. 5. invent ingenious and artistic things, ח׳ להם כלי שׁיר Am 6:5 invent for themselves instruments of music; ח׳ (כל) מחשׁבת invent cunning work )of artistic devices in constr. of tabern.( Ex 31:4, 35:32, 35:35 )all P(, so 2 Ch 2:13; מַעֲשֵׂה חשֵׁב work of the cunning )ingenious, inventive( workman (of artistic devices in weaving; see esp. VB and Di) Ex 26:1, 26:31, 28:6, 28:15, 36:8, 36:35, 39:3, 39:8 )all P(; מַחֲשֶׁבֶת חוֹשֵׁב 2 Ch 26:15 inventions of inventive men )of engines of war(; חָרָשׁ וְחשֵׁב craftsman and inventive workman (in constr. of tabern., vid. supr.) Ex 35:35, 38:23 (P). II. of God: 1. think, c. acc. pers + לְ indirect obj. account one לאויב, for an enemy Jb 13:24, 33:10; ח׳ לוֹ כצריו Jb 19:11 he accounted me unto him as his adversaries. 2. devise, plan, mean, c. acc. + ל indirect obj. לטבה for good Gn 50:20 )E(; c. ל pers. לִי devise for me Psalm 40:18; acc. rei + עַל, devise something against a person Mi 2:3, Je 18:11; towards one Je 29:11, c. אל against Je 49:20, 50:45; sq. inf. Je 26:3, 36:3, La 2:8. 3. impute, reckon, c. acc. rei + ל pers., the habit of believing in י׳ he reckoned to Abram as righteousness Gn 15:6 )JE; cf. Niph. 3(; not impute iniquity to one Psalm 32:2. Niph. Pf. נֶחְשַׁב Nu 18:27, 18:30, נֶחְשַׁבְתִּי Psalm 88:5 etc. + 10 t. Pf.; Impf. יֵחָשֵׁב Lv 7:18 + 7 t., etc., + 6 t. Impf.; Pt. נֶחְשָׁב Is 2:22, 1 K 10:21, 2 Ch 9:20:—1. be accounted, thought, esteemed, c. כְּ as Ho 8:12, Is 5:28, 29:16, 40:15, Psalm 44:23, Jb 18:3, 41:21; c. לְ Is 29:17 = 32:15 , La 4:2; עִם with, among Psalm 88:5, בַּמֶּה Is 2:22 at what )value( ? )v. prob. interpol.; om. LXX(; c. acc. Dt 2:11, 2:20, Pr 17:28, Ne 13:13; נֶחְשַׁבְנוּ לוֹ נָכְרִיּוֹת Gn 31:13 )E; LXX Sam (כְּנֶח׳ Is 40:17. 2. be computed, reckoned, c. לְ Jos 13:3 )D(, עַל Lv 25:31 )P(, 2 S 4:2: abs. כסף was not counted )so plentiful was it( 1 K 10:21 = 2 Ch 9:20, 2 K 22:7. 3. be imputed to any one, c. לְ Lv 7:18, Nu 18:27, 18:30 )all P(, Lv 17:4 )H( Pr 27:14; the interposition of Phinehas נח׳ לוֹ לצדקה Psalm 106:31 was imputed to him for righteousness )cf. Qal II 3(. Pi. Pf. 3 ms. חִשַּׁב Lv 25:27 + 4 t.; f. חִשְּׁבָה Jon 1:4; 1 s. חִשַּׁבְתִּי Psalm 77:6, 119:59; Impf. יְחַשֵּׁב Pr 16:9, Dn 11:24, תְּחַשְּׁבוּן Na 1:9, etc., + 4 t. Impf.; Pt. מְחַשֵּׁב Pr 24:8:—1. think upon, consider, be mindful of, c. acc. Psalm 77:6, 119:59, (מה) בֶּן־אֱנוֹשׁ וַתְּחַשְּׁבֵהוּ Psalm 144:3 what )is( man's son, and thou thinkest upon him )||(תֵּדָעֵהוּ. 2. think to do, devise, plan, c. acc. Pr 16:9, אֶל of persons against whom Ho 7:15, Na 1:9, עַל Dn 11:24; c. inf. Psalm 73:16, Pr 24:8; so of inanim. object הָאֳנִיָּה חִשְּׁבָה לְהִשָּׁבֵר Jon 1:4 the ship was about to (minded to) be broken up. 3. count, reckon, the years since a sale of land Lv 25:27 (H); c. לְ pers. Lv 25:52 )H(, 27:18, 27:23 )P(; c. עִם Lv 25:50 )P(; c. אֶת 2 K 12:16. Hithp. Impf. לאֹ יִתְחַשָּׁ֑ב בַּגּוֹיִם Nu 23:9 )JE( among the nations it shall not reckon itself.
