Thursday, November 14, 2019

Hector Avalos on the Insufficiency of the Test of a Prophet in Deuteronomy 18:22



The problem of recognizing a divine communication was treated at some length in Deuteronomy 18, which provides criteria for recognizing a communication from Yahweh. The fact that violence and disagreements about who has the correct divine communication is most clearly in Deuteronomy 18:20: “But any prophet who speaks in the name of other gods, or who presumes to speak in my name a word that I have not commanded the prophet to speak—that prophet shall die.” Divine communication is a scare resource, and violence must be used to maintain access to what is perceived to be the right conduit.

The main criteria for knowing if a word came from Yahweh is whether it is fulfilled (Deut. 18:22). Of course, this criterion was of only limited value, and could result in contradictory conclusions. For example, let us suppose that a prophet of Baal predicted that it would rain in the next few days, and that a prophet of Yahweh also predicted the same thing. If rain comes, then the criterion of fulfillment would not be sufficient to distinguish a false prophecy from a true prophecy. (Hector Avalos, Fighting Words: The Origins of Religious Violence [Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Boos, 2005], 118)


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