Sunday, March 10, 2024

Lee Martin McDonald on the Role Inspiration Played in the Canonization Process

  

The ancient churches assumed the inspiration of their Scriptures, but to what extent did inspiration play a part in the canonizing process? Irenaeus, for example, makes it clear that the Scriptures, even when they are not clearly understood, “were spoken by the Word of God and by His Spirit” (Haer. 2.28.2, ANF). This appears on the surface to be more of an after recognition based on whether the truth that had been handed down through apostolic succession (the regula fidei) was portrayed in the writings in question. Origen maintained that “the Scriptures were written by the Spirit of God, and have a meaning, not such only as is apparent at first sight, but also another which escapes the notice of most” (First Principles, Preface 8, ANF). Seeking to discredit the Doctrine of Peter, he says that he can show that it was not written by Peter “Or by any other person inspired by the Spirit of God” (First Principles, Preface 8, ANF). The operating assumption here, of course, is that Scripture is inspired, but heresy and falsehood are not. The criterion for determining a text’s inspiration is not easily recognized apart from its affirmation of the church’s core tradition passed on in the early churches. (Lee Martin McDonald, The Formation of the Biblical Canon, 2 vols. [London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2017], 2:343)

 

Further Reading:

 

Everett R. Kalin, "The Inspired Community: A Glance at Canon History," Concordia Theological Monthly 42 (1971): 541-59