Saturday, December 6, 2025

John I. Durham on Exodus 32:4 and the Golden Calf

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   The widespread presence of bull images in ANE worship has been thoroughly confirmed by Eissfeldt ( ZAW 58 [1940–41] 199–215; cf. also ...
Friday, December 5, 2025

Matthew L. Bowen, "Upon All the Nations" (2025) and Notes on Variants between the Text of Isaiah in the KJV and the Book of Mormon

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The Interpreter Foundation just published a new article:   Matthew L. Bowen, “ ’Upon All the Nations”: The gôyim in Nephi’s Rendition o...

John Granger Cook translating ουτον νομιζειν θεον from Constra Celsum as "consider him a God"

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 Translation of Celsus’s complaint from Contra Celsum by Origen:   How could we consider him to be a god ( τουτον νομιζειν θεον ) who...

Rosser Powitzky on Isaiah 53:6

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   Isaiah 53:6 is another passage that, when reading through the lens of penal substitution, can sound like sins are imputed to Christ. Th...

Rosser Powitzky on the use of ἀναφέρω in Hebrews 9:28 and 1 Peter 2:24

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   The author of Hebrews says that Christ was offered to “ anaphero the sins of many” (Heb 9:28). Some versions (e.g., NASB, ESV) transla...

Notes on John 6:64 and "from the beginning" (εξ αρχης)

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   But there are some of you that believe not. For Jesus knew from the beginning ( εξ αρχης ) who they were that believed not, and who s...

Strack and Billerbeck on Jewish/Rabbinic Parallels to Hebrews 4:12

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   4:12: The word of God is … sharper than any two-edged sword.   See Tg. Song. 3:8 and Midr. Ps. 45 § 6 (136A) at § Eph 6:17 B. ‖ Pes...