Thursday, May 18, 2017

The High view of Adam in the Testament of Abraham

The following translations of the Testament of Abraham come from The Pseudepigrapha (English), Translated by Craig E. Evans, assisted by Danny Zacharias, Matt Walsh, and Scott Kohler. Copyright © 2008 Craig A. Evans as found on Bibleworks.

So Michael turned the chariot and brought Abraham to the east, to the first gate of heaven; and Abraham saw two ways, the one narrow and contracted, the other broad and spacious, and he saw two gates, the one broad on the broad way, and the other narrow on the narrow way. And outside the two gates there he saw a man sitting upon a gilded throne, and the appearance of that man was terrible, as of the Master. And they saw many souls driven by angels and led in through the broad gate, and other souls, few in number, that were taken by the angels through the narrow gate. And when the wonderful one who sat upon the golden throne saw few entering through the narrow gate, and many entering through the broad one, straightway that wonderful one tore the hairs of his head and the sides of his beard, and threw himself on the ground from his throne, weeping and lamenting. But when he saw many souls entering through the narrow gate, then he arose from the ground and sat upon his throne in great joy, rejoicing and exulting. And Abraham asked the chief-captain: "My lord chief-captain, who is this most marvelous man, adorned with such glory, and sometimes he weeps and laments, and sometimes he rejoices and exults?" The bodiless one said: "This is the first-created Adam who is in such glory, and he looks upon the world because all are born from him."And when he sees many souls going through the narrow gate, then he arises and sits upon his throne rejoicing and exulting in joy, because this narrow gate is that of the just, that leads to life, and they that enter through it go into Paradise. For this, then, the first-created Adam rejoices, because he sees the souls being saved. "But when he sees many souls entering through the broad gate, then he pulls out the hairs of his head, and casts himself on the ground weeping and lamenting bitterly, for the broad gate is that of sinners, which leads to destruction and eternal punishment. And for this the first-formed Adam falls from his throne weeping and lamenting for the destruction of sinners, for they are many that are lost, and they are few that are saved, "for in seven thousand there is scarcely found one soul saved, being righteous and undefiled." (Testament of Abraham 11:1-12 [recension A])

And Abraham said: "My lord chief-captain, who is this most wondrous judge, and who are the angels that write down, and who is the angel like the sun, holding the balance; and who is the fiery angel holding the fire?" The chief-captain said: "Do you see, most holy Abraham, the terrible man sitting upon the throne? This is the son of the first created Adam, who is called Abel, whom the wicked Cain killed, "and he sits thus to judge all creation, and examines righteous men and sinners. For God has said: 'I will not judge you, but every man born of man will be judged.' "Therefore he has given to him judgment, to judge the world until his great and glorious coming, and then, O righteous Abraham, is the perfect judgment and recompense, eternal and unchangeable, which no one can alter. "For every man has come from the first-created, and therefore they are first judged here by his son, "and at the second coming they will be judged by the twelve tribes of Israel, every breath and every creature. "But the third time they will be judged by the Lord God of all, and then, indeed, the end of that judgment is near, and the sentence terrible, and there is none to deliver. "And now by three tribunals the judgment of the world and the recompense is made, and for this reason a matter is not finally confirmed by one or two witnesses, but by three witnesses will everything be established. "The two angels on the right hand and on the left, these are they that write down the sins and the righteousness, the one on the right hand writes down the righteousness, and the one on the left the sins. "The angel like the sun, holding the balance in his hand, is the archangel, Dokiel the just weigher, and he weighs the righteous deeds and sins with the righteousness of God. "The fiery and pitiless angel, holding the fire in his hand, is the archangel Puruel, who has power over fire, and tries the works of men through fire, "and if the fire consume the work of any man, the angel of judgment immediately seizes him, and carries him away to the place of sinners, a most bitter place of punishment. "But if the fire approves the work of anyone, and does not seize upon it, that man is justified, and the angel of righteousness takes him and carries him up to be saved in the lot of the just. "And thus, most righteous Abraham, all things in all men are tried by fire and the balance." (Testament of Abraham 13:1-14 [recension A])

And Michael went up into heaven, and spoke before the Lord concerning Abraham. And the Lord answered Michael: "Go and take up Abraham in the body, and show him all things, and whatever he will say to you do to him as to my friend." So Michael went forth and took up Abraham in the body on a cloud, and brought him to the river of Ocean. And Abraham looked and saw two gates, the one small and the other large, and between the two gates sat a man upon a throne of great glory, and a multitude of angels round about him, and he was weeping, and again laughing, but his weeping exceeded his laughter seven-fold. And Abraham said to Michael: "Who is this that sits between the two gates in great glory; sometimes he laughs, and sometimes he weeps, and his weeping exceeds his laughter seven-fold?" And Michael said to Abraham: "Do you not know who it is?" And he said: "No, lord." And Michael said to Abraham: "Do you see these two gates, the small and the great? "These are they that lead to life and to destruction. "This man that sits between them is Adam, the first man whom the Lord created, "and set him in this place to see every soul that departs from the body, seeing that all are from him. "When, therefore, you see him weeping, know that he has seen many souls being led to destruction. "But when you see him laughing, he has seen many souls being led into life. "Do you see how his weeping exceeds his laughter? Since he sees the greater part of the world being led away through the broad gate to destruction, therefore his weeping exceeds his laughter seven-fold." (Testament of Abraham 8:1-16 [recension B])



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