Monday, December 8, 2025

Instances of the noun אֵיבָה (enmity/personal hostility) outside of Genesis 3:15 in the Old Testament

  

But if he trust him of hatred, or hurl at him by laying of wait, that he die; or in enmity (בְאֵיבָ֞ה) smite him with his hand, that he die: that he smote him shall surely be put to death; for he is a murderer: the revenger of blood shall slay the murderer, when he meeteth him. But if he trust him suddenly without enmity (בְּלֹא־אֵיבָ֖ה), or have cast upon him any thing without laying of wait, or with any stone, wherewith a man may die, seeing him not, and cast it upon him, that he die, and was not his enemy, neither sought him harm: then the congregation shall judge between the slayer and the revenger of blood according to these judgments: (Num 35:20-24)

 

Thus saith the Lord God; Because the Philistines have dealt by revenge, and have taken vengeance with a despiteful heart, to destroy it for the old hatred (אֵיבַ֥ת עוֹלָֽם); therefore thus saith the Lord God; Behold, I will stretch out mine hand upon the Philistines, and I will cut off the Cherethims, and destroy the remnant of the sea coast. (Ezek 25:15-16)

 

Because thou hast had a perpetual hatred (אֵיבַ֣ת עוֹלָ֔ם), and hast shed the blood of the children of Israel by the force of the sword in the time of their calamity, in the time that their iniquity had an end: therefore, as I live, saith the Lord God, I will prepare thee unto blood, and blood shall pursue thee: sith thou hast not hated blood, even blood shall pursue thee. (Ezek 35:5-6)

 

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