Friday, August 15, 2025

Eusebius of Caesarea Interpreting the Insense in Malachi 1:10-11 as a Reference to Prayers and Good Works of Christians

  

Demonstratio evangelica 1.16:

 

. . . our Lord and Saviour rightly says to those who suppose that God ought only to be worshipped in Jerusalem, or in certain mountains, or some definite places:

 

[d] “1. The hour cometh and now is, when the true worshippers shall neither in this mountain nor in Jerusalem worship the Father. For God is a Spirit, and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth.”

 

So He said, and presently, not long after, Jerusalem was besieged, the holy place and the altar by it and the worship conducted according to Moses’ ordinances were destroyed, and the archetypal holiness of the pre-Mosaic men of God reappeared. [19] And the blessing assured-thereby to all nations came, to lead those who came to it from the first step and from the first elements of the Mosaic worship to a better and more perfect life. Yes, the religion of those blessed and godly men, who did not worship in any one place exclusively, neither by symbols nor types, but as our Lord and Saviour requires “in spirit and in truth,” by our Saviour’s appearance became the possession of all the nations, as the prophets of old foresaw. For Zephaniah says the very same thing:

 

[b] “The Lord shall appear against them, and shall utterly destroy all the gods of the nations of the earth. And they shall worship him each one from his own place.”

 

Malachi as well contends against those of the circumcision, and speaks on behalf of the Gentiles, when he says:

 

“10. I have no pleasure (in you), saith the Lord Almighty, and I will not accept a sacrifice at your hands. 11. For from the rising of the sun even to the setting2 my name has been glorified among the Gentiles; and in every place incense is offered to my name, and a pure offering.”

 

[c] [d] By “the incense and offering to be offered to God in every place,” what else can he mean, but that no longer in Jerusalem nor exclusively in that (sacred) place, but in every land and among all nations they will offer to the Supreme God the incense of prayer and the sacrifice called “pure,” because it is not a sacrifice of blood but of good works? (Eusebius of Caesarea, The Proof of the Gospel: Being the Demonstratio Evangelica of Eusebius of Caesarea, 2 vols. [trans. W. J. Ferrar; Translation of Christian Literature. Series I: Greek Texts; London: Society For Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1920], 1:35-36)

 

 

Demonstratio evangelica 1.10:

 

[40] And so all these predictions of immemorial prophecy are being fulfilled at this present time through the teaching of our Saviour among all nations. Truth bears witness with the prophetic voice with which God, rejecting the Mosaic sacrifices, foretells that the future lies with us:

 

“Wherefore from the rising of the sun unto the setting my name shall be glorified among the nations. And in every place incense shall be offered to my name, and a pure offering.”

 

We sacrifice, therefore, to Almighty God a sacrifice of praise. [b] We sacrifice the divine and holy and sacred offering. We sacrifice anew according to the new covenant the pure sacrifice. But the sacrifice to God is called “a contrite heart.” “A humble and a contrite heart thou wilt not despise.”* Yes, and we offer the incense of the prophet, in every place bringing to Him the sweet-smelling fruit of the sincere Word of God, offering it in our prayers to Him. This yet another prophet teaches, who says: “Let my prayer be as incense in thy sight.”

 

[c] So, then, we sacrifice and offer incense: On the one hand when we celebrate the Memorial of His great Sacrifice according to the Mysteries He delivered to us, and bring to God the Eucharist for our salvation with holy hymns and prayers; while on the other we consecrate ourselves to Him alone and to the Word His High Priest, devoted to Him in body and soul. Therefore we are careful to keep our bodies pure and undefiled from all evil, and we bring our hearts purified from every passion and stain of sin, and worship Him with sincere thoughts, real intention, and true beliefs. For these are more acceptable to Him, so we are taught, than a multitude of sacrifices offered with blood and smoke and fat. (Eusebius of Caesarea, The Proof of the Gospel: Being the Demonstratio Evangelica of Eusebius of Caesarea, 2 vols. [trans. W. J. Ferrar; Translation of Christian Literature. Series I: Greek Texts; London: Society For Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1920], 1:61-62)

 

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