Friday, November 3, 2023

2 Nephi 19:9 reading "Inhabitants" vs. KJV Isaiah 9:9 reading "Inhabitant"

2 Nephi 19:9 in the Book of Mormon reads:

 

And all the people shall know, even Ephraim and the inhabitants of Samara, that say in the pride and stoutness of heart:

 

KJV Isa 9:9 reads inhabitant. Commenting on the difference, and how the Book of Mormon makes better sense than the KJV (and the Masoretic Text it is based on), Brant Gardner noted:

 

The Book of Mormon has “inhabitants” (plural) while the King James Version has “inhabitant” (singular). Tvedtnes notes that the word in the Masoretic text is singular, but plural in the Septuagint. “There is a great likelihood that the original text had an abbreviated w-yw(h), which could have been read as either singular or plural.” (Tvedtnes, “Isaiah Textual Variants in the Book of Mormon,” 47) Because this verse focuses on the people, “inhabitants” is a better translation. “Inhabitant” is a possible reading but only if the king represents the people. Such a reading, however, does not match the focus within each stanza. (Brant A. Gardner, Second Witness: Analytical and Contextual Commentary on the Book of Mormon, 6 vols. [Salt Lake City: Greg Kofford Books, 2007], 2:273; the LXX "the inhabitants" reads οἱ ἐγκαθήμενοι. Göttingen does not list any textual variant for this word in the LXX manuscripts)

 

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