Daniel McClellan has a number of excellent blog
posts and papers on Psalm 82 and other issues on his blog, so I highly
recommend one spend a few hours on it just for that reason. Dan has a very
useful paper, “Elohim does not mean ‘judges’” which one should read carefully.
While not a paper with an LDS focus, LDS apologists and scholars have
encountered many critics, typically within Evangelical Protestantism, who argue
that the Elohim in texts such as Psa 82 are human judges; Dan’s
paper puts the lie to this claim.
Other recommend readings:
Blake T. Ostler, Of God and Gods (SLC:
Greg Kofford Books, 2008)
Mark S. Smith, The Origins of Biblical
Monotheism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001)