In his On the Church, Richard Field (Anglican) reproduced some of the work of Cardinal Cajetan on the question of Mary’s Immaculate Conception. What follows is the reproduction thereof, followed by an English translation:
"Sanctus Augustinus
super Psalmum xxxiv. (Tom. Iv. col. 240.) dicit; 'Adam est mortuus propter
peccatum, Maria ex Adam mortua est propter peccatum, caro autem Domini ex Maria
mortua est propter delenda peccata.' Et in libro secundo, de Baptismo Parvulorum
(cap. 24. Tom. x. col. 61.) dicit; 'Solus ille, homo factus manens Deus,
peccatum nullum unquam habuit, nec sumpsit carnem peccati quamvis de materna
carne peccati.' Et in libro x. super Genesim ad literam (cap. 18. Tom. III.
col. 269.) dicit, ' Corpus Christi quamvis ex carne frmina assumptum sit, qua
de illa carnis peccati propagatione concepta fuerat; tamen quia non sic in ea
conceptum fuit, quomodo fuerat illa concepta, ideo ipsum non fuit caro peccati
sed similitudo carnis peccati." Sanctus Ambrosius super
'Beati immaculati,' (vid. in Ps. 118. Tom. I. col. 1039) dicit, 'Venit Dominus Jesus, et in carne qua peccato in
matre fuerat obnoxia, militiam virtutis exercuit.' Sanctus Joannes Chrysostomus
super Matthaum dicit, 'Quamvis Christus non esset peccator, naturam tamen
humanam de peccatrice suscepit.' Sanctus Eusebius, Emissenus episcopus, in
secundo sermone Nativitatis Domini qui incipit, 'Nostis, charissimi,' (in Mar.
Bibl. Vett. Patr. Tom. vI. p. 621) ait; 'A peccati originalis nexu nullus
immunis extitit, nec etiam ipsa genitrix Redemptoris.' Sanctus Remigius super
Psalmum, 'Deus, Deus meus, respice ;' dicit: 'Beata virgo Maria fuit ab omnia
macula peccati mundata, ita ut ex ea conciperetur sine peccato homo Christus
Jesus.' Sanctus Maximus in sermone de Aseumptione beatæ Virginis dicit, 'Beata
virgo gloriosa fuit in utero matris sanctificata ab omni contagione originalis
culpæ antequam nasceretur et per Spiritum Sanctum mundata.' Sanctus
Beda in Homilia super 'Missus est' (In Annunciat. Beatæ Virg. Tom. VII. col.
337. Col. Agr. 1612), dicit: 'Spiritus Sanctus superveniens in virginem mentem
cjus ab omni vitiorum sorde castificavit: et ab omni æestu concupiscentia
carnalis cor ejus temperavit atque mundavit.' Sanctus Bernardus in Epistola ad
Lugd. (Ep. 174. Tom. I. col. 171), dicit, 'Beata virgo post conceptum in utero
jam existens sanctificationem accepisse creditur, quæ excluso peccato sanetam
fecerit nativitatem, non conceptionem.' Sanctus Erardus, episcopus et martyr,
in sermone Nativitatis beatæ Virginis, dicit, 'O felix puella, quæ concepta in
peccato purificatur ab omni peccato, et Filium concepit sine peccato.' Sanctus
Antonius de Padua, ordinis minorum, in sermone de Nativitate beatæ Virginis,
dicit: 'Beata virgo fuit in utero matris a peccato per gratiam sanctificata et
sine peccato nata.' Sanctus Thomas de Aquino, in tertia parte, Quæst. 27. art.
2, dicit, ' Beata virgo Maria, quia fuit concepta ex commixtione parentum,
originale peccatum contraxit.' Sanctus
Bonaventura, ordinis minorum, in 3 Sent. Dist. 3. Quæst. 1. Arg. 2, dicit,
'Dicendum est quod beata virgo fuit concepta in peccato originali, et quod ejus
sanctificatio subsecuta est peccati originalis contractionem. Hic modus dicendi
est communior et rationabilior et securior. Communior, quia fere omnes id
tenent: rationabilior, quia esse natura pracedit esse gratia, &c. Securior,
quia magis consonat fidei, pietati, et sanctorum autoritati.' Sanctus
Bernardinus, ordinis minorum, in sermonum suorum opere tertio incipiente,
'Ignis a facie ejus exarsit,' in Tractatu de beata Virgine, sermone quarto,
incipiente, 'Sicut sol oriens mundo' (Tom. Iv. p. 106. Par. 1635), dicit,
'Tertia fuit sanctificatio maternalis, et ista removet culpam originalem,
confert gratiam, et removet pronitatem ad peccandum tam mortaliter quam
venialiter, et hrec fuit in virgine matre.' Sanctus Vincentius confessor, in
sermone de Conceptione Virginis, dicit,'Beata virgo Maria fuit in originali
peccato concepta, sed eadem die et hora statim post animationem fuit per
sanctificationem a peccato contracto mundata.' Præter dictos autem sanctos
multitudo magna antiquorum doctorum convenit dicens in individuo beatam
virginem conceptam in peccato originali, quorum dicta aut in fonte, aut in
libris domini Joannis de Turre Cremata, et magistri de Castro novo, de
conceptione beatæ virginis compilatis, unde sumpta sunt, invenire quilibet
potest." -Cajetan. Opusc. Tom. II. Tract. 1. de Concept. B. Virginis cap.
4. [p. 139. Lugd. 1512.] (Richard Field, Appendix to Book 3, Chapter
VI, in Of the Church, Five Books [Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1949], 2:206-7 n. 1)
English translation of the
above:
Saint Augustine, commenting on Psalm 34 (Vol. IV, col. 240), says:
"Adam died because of sin; Mary, descended from Adam, died because of
sin; but the flesh of the Lord, taken from Mary, died to destroy sins."
And in his second book On the Baptism of Infants
(ch. 24, Vol. X, col. 61), he says:
"Only He, who became man while remaining God, never had any sin, nor
did He take on sinful flesh, although He took it from a mother who had sinful
flesh."
And in Book X On Genesis Literally Interpreted
(ch. 18, Vol. III, col. 269), he says:
"The body of Christ, although assumed from the flesh of a woman, who
had been conceived through that propagation of sinful flesh, yet because it was
not conceived in the same way as she had been, was therefore not sinful flesh
but only the likeness of sinful flesh."
Saint Ambrose, commenting on Blessed are the undefiled (see
on Ps. 118, Vol. I, col. 1039), says:
"The Lord Jesus came, and in the flesh that was liable to sin in His
mother, He waged the battle of virtue."
Saint John Chrysostom,
commenting on Matthew, says:
"Although Christ was not a sinner, He nevertheless assumed human nature
from a sinful woman."
Saint Eusebius of Emesa,
bishop, in his second sermon on the Nativity of the Lord, which begins Nostis,
charissimi (in Mar. Bibl. Vett. Patr., Vol. VI, p. 621), states:
"No one has been exempt from the bond of original sin, not even the
Mother of the Redeemer herself."
Saint Remigius, commenting on the Psalm My God, My God, look upon
me, says:
"The Blessed Virgin Mary was cleansed from every stain of sin, so that
from her a sinless man, Christ Jesus, might be conceived."
Saint Maximus, in his sermon on the Assumption of the Blessed
Virgin, says:
"The glorious Blessed Virgin was sanctified in her mother's womb from
all contamination of original guilt before she was born and was purified by the
Holy Spirit."
Saint Bede, in his homily on The Angel was sent (on the
Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin, Vol. VII, col. 337, Cologne, 1612), says:
"The Holy Spirit, coming upon the Virgin, cleansed her mind from all
filth of vice and tempered and purified her heart from every disturbance of
carnal concupiscence."
Saint Bernard, in his Letter to the Canons of Lyons (Ep.
174, Vol. I, col. 171), says:
"It is believed that the Blessed Virgin, already existing in the womb
after conception, received sanctification, which, by excluding sin, made her
birth holy, not her conception."
Saint Erard, bishop and martyr, in his sermon on the Nativity
of the Blessed Virgin, says:
"O happy maiden, who, though conceived in sin, is purified from all sin
and conceives the Son without sin."
Saint Anthony of Padua, of
the Order of Friars Minor, in his sermon on the Nativity of the Blessed
Virgin, says:
"The Blessed Virgin was sanctified in her mother's womb from sin by
grace and was born without sin."
Saint Thomas Aquinas, in Summa
Theologiae, Third Part, Question 27, Article 2, says:
"The Blessed Virgin Mary, because she was conceived through the union
of her parents, contracted original sin."
Saint Bonaventure, of the Order
of Friars Minor, in Sentences, Book 3, Distinction 3, Question 1,
Argument 2, says:
"It must be said that the Blessed Virgin was conceived in original sin
and that her sanctification followed after the contraction of original sin.
This way of speaking is more common, more reasonable, and safer. More common,
because almost everyone holds it; more reasonable, because natural existence
precedes the existence of grace; and safer, because it better accords with
faith, piety, and the authority of the saints."
Saint Bernardine, of the Order
of Friars Minor, in the third part of his Sermons, beginning Fire
went forth from His face, in his Treatise on the Blessed Virgin,
fourth sermon, beginning As the sun rising upon the world (Vol. IV, p.
106, Paris, 1635), says:
"The third kind of sanctification is maternal sanctification, which
removes original guilt, confers grace, and removes the inclination to sin,
whether mortally or venially. And this occurred in the Virgin Mother."
Saint Vincent, the confessor, in his sermon on the Conception of
the Virgin, says:
"The Blessed Virgin Mary was conceived in original sin, but on the same
day and at the same hour, immediately after animation, she was purified from
the sin contracted by sanctification."
Besides the aforementioned saints, a great multitude
of ancient doctors agree in stating individually that the Blessed Virgin was
conceived in original sin. Their statements can be found either in their
original sources or in the books of Master John of Torquemada and Master of
Castronovo on the Conception of the Blessed Virgin, from which they have
been taken and where anyone can find them.
"Sanctus
Bonaventura in 3 Sent. dist. 3. qu. 1, loquens de autoritate sanctorum dicit,
'Nullus autem invenitur dixisso de iis quos vidimus et audivimus auribus
nostris, beatam virginem fuisse ab originali peccato immunem in sui
concessione.' Ed. Adam Angelicus in 3 Sent. dist. 3, dicit, 'Si credendum est
dictis sanctorum, tenendum est, beatam virginem fuisse conceptam in peccato
originali; et nullus sanctorum invenitur dixisse contrarium.' Hæc ille. Et ipse
Franciscus de Maironis dicit, quod non obstante quod B. Virgo fuerit praservata
a peccato originali, propter dicta tamen sanctorum, possumus dicere quod aliquo
modo peccatum originale contraxit."-Cajetan. ubi supra. (Richard
Field, Appendix to Book 3, Chapter VI, in Of the Church, Five Books
[Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1949], 2:209 n. 1)
English translation of the
above:
Saint Bonaventure, in Sentences,
Book 3, Distinction 3, Question 1, speaking about the authority of the saints,
says:
"No one is found to have said—among those whom we have seen and heard
with our own ears—that the Blessed Virgin was immune from original sin in her
conception."
Adam of Angelus, in Sentences, Book 3, Distinction 3, says:
"If we are to believe the statements of the saints, it must be held
that the Blessed Virgin was conceived in original sin; and no saint is found to
have said otherwise."
He says this. And Francis of Meyronnes says
that, although the Blessed Virgin was preserved from original sin,
nevertheless, because of the statements of the saints, we can say that in some
way she contracted original sin.
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