Wednesday, April 15, 2026

Theodoret of Cyrus (393-457) on God Appearing in Bodily Form while God Being Incorporeal in His Substantial Nature

In his commentary on Dan 7, Theodoret, defending the then-mainstream view of God being, in his substantial nature, incorporeal, wrote the following (which I think might be instructive for Latter-day Saints and others on how theologians explain divine incorporeality in light of theophanies): 

 

In doing this, however, he says, he will not last long but will be destroyed as quickly as possible. I kept looking until thrones were set in place, and an Ancient of Days took his seat, his clothing as white as snow, and the hair of his head like pure wool. His throne was fiery flame, and its wheels burning fire. A river of fire issued forth and flowed before him, a thousand thousands served him, and ten thousand times ten thousand attended on him. The court sat, and books were opened (vv. 9–10). It was the horn speaking lofty words, arrogant and haughty, that perpetrated all those things, even making war on the holy ones until the court sat. Now, we should realize that God is incorporeal, simple and without form, uncircumscribed; yet while being uncircumscribed in nature, he often takes visible forms for people’s benefit. It is possible to see him making himself visible in one way to Abraham, in another to Moses, yet another to Isaiah, and likewise in a different form to Ezekiel. So when you see the difference in the revelations, instead of thinking the divinity has many forms, listen to him speaking through the prophet Hosea, “I multiplied visions, and adopted likenesses in the works of the inspired authors.” He said, I adopted likenesses, not I appeared: he presents himself under the forms he wishes. Likewise, of course, blessed Ezekiel had a vision of someone composed of amber and fire, and after describing the revelation he added, “It was a likeness of the glory of the Lord:” he did not say he saw the Lord, or the Lord’s glory itself—only the likeness of the Lord’s glory. (Theodoret of Cyrus, Commentary on Daniel [trans. Robert C. Hill; Writings from the Greco-Roman World 7; Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2006], 185, 187)

 

For a Latter-day Saint understanding of key texts such as Gen 1:26-27 and John 4:24, for e.g., see:


Lynn Wilder vs. Latter-day Saint (and Biblical) Theology on Divine Embodiment



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