110:1 The LORD: YHWH, the
God of Israel. my lord: a royal address for a king (2 Sam 1:10; 1 Kings
1:37). If the psalm goes back to David, then Solomon is the original addressee,
since he was enthroned (1 Kings 1:46) before David’s death (1 Kings 2:10). my
right hand: a place of honor and distinction (1 Kings 2:19). The topography
of ancient Jerusalem may account for the description: the Lord was enthroned on
the Ark of the Covenant in the Temple (Is 37:15), the Temple faced east (Ezek
47:1), and Solomon’s royal palace probably stood south of the Temple on the Ophel
Ridge . . . This would place the Davidic throne “at the right hand” (- south)
of the divine throne.
. . .
The LORD has sworn: the
strongest form of divine assurance (Heb 6:16-18). You are a priest for ever:
An oath of ordination. David and his royal heirs sponsored Israel’s worship
and even acted as priests (2 Sam 8:18) at national events such as moving the
Ark of the Covenant to Zion (2 Sam 6:12-15) and dedicating the Lord’s Temple (1
Kings 8:54-56). Nonetheless, the Davidic kings were not permitted to assume the
normal duties of the Aaronic priests (2 Chron 26:16-19). Melchizedek: A
king and priest of Salem (= Jerusalem/Zion, 76:2) in patriarchal times. He is
remembered in Scripture because he shared an offering of bread and wine with
Abraham, bestowed a blessing on him, and received a tithe from him (Gen
14:17-24). Davidic rule was patterned after this ancient precedent: like
Melchizedek, the kings of David’s line ruled in Salem/Jerusalem, they possessed
royal as well as priestly authority, and their priesthood was distinct from the
Levitical priesthood established in the times of Moses. (The Ignatius Catholic
Study Bible, ed. Scott Hahn and Curtis J. Mitch [San Francisco: Ignatius
Press, 2024], 928-29])
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