The following is a useful resource, and it published in the opening pages of the Sacrae Theologiae Summa series. For example, I am taking this from:
Sacrae Theologiae Summa, 4 vols. (3d ed.;
trans. Kenneth Baker; Keep the Faith, Inc., 2016), 4B:1
In my experience, knowing the different theological notes in
Roman Catholicism is useful to judge the “weight” of a doctrine; further, in my
experience, many pop-level Roman Catholic apologists are just grossly ignorant
of theological notes.
Divine faith (de fide divina):
what is contained in the word of God written or handed down. The opposite is: an
error in faith (error in fide).
Divine and catholic faith
(defide divina et catholica): what is contained in the word of God written
or handed and is proposed by the Church either by a solemn judgment or by the
ordinary and universal Magisterium to be believed as divinely revealed. The
opposite is: heresy.
Defined divine and catholic
faith (de fide divina et catholica definita): what is contained in the word
of God written or handed down and is proposed by the Church by a solemn
judgment, that is, by the infallible Magisterium, exercised in an extraordinary
way, either in an ecumenical council or by the Roman Pontiff speaking “ex
cathedra” and to be believed as divinely revealed. [N.B. Even the Chapter
Titles in Trent and Vatican I are considered as true definitions.]
Proximate to faith (fidei
proximo)', a truth that by an almost unanimous agreement of theologians is
contained in the word of God written or handed down. The opposite
is: proximate to error or
heresy.
Faith based on the authority
of the Church (fides ecclesiastica): a truth not formally revealed, which
is proposed infallibly by the Magisterium of the Church. The opposite is: error
in ecclesiastical faith. [Those who do not admit there is such a thing as
ecclesiastical faith give a different theological note for such a truth.]
Catholic doctrine (doctrina
catholica): a truth that is taught in the whole Church, but not always
proposed infallibly (for example, what the Roman Pontiffs wish to teach
explicitly in encyclical letters). The opposite is: error in catholic
doctrine.
Theologically certain
(theologice certa): a truth that in the theological schools is certainly
recognized as necessarily connected with revealed truths; this connection can
be either virtual or presupposition or final. The opposite is: error in
theology.
A doctrine to be so held that
its contrary is temerarious (doctrina ita tenenda, ut con- traria sit
temeraria): a truth proposed by the Roman Congregations, which proposition
however does not enjoy the special approbation of the Roman Pontiff.
Common and certain in theology
(communis et certa in theologia): what by the common agreement of
theologians is taught in the schools as well founded. The opposite is: false
in theology, temerarious.
Probable (probabilis)'. a
theological opinion with a lesser grade of certainty.
