The “sons of god(s)” ( בני אלים ) are hardly of the same order as the
“foreign god” (32:12 אל נכר), the “not God” (32:17 לא אלה ), or the “no god” ( לא־אל
32:21). (Matthew Lynch, “Monotheism and Deuteronomy,” in The Oxford Handbook
of Deuteronomy, ed. Don C. Benjamin [Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2025], 83)
